Congressional Party Leaders essays

Congressional Party Leaders essays In the evolution of the American political system and its Congress, the role party leaders have played has been important and at the same time relatively inconsistent. There have been several events that have come about since the creation of the United States Congress that have led to the inability of party leaders to maintain and utilize their political powers effectively. I will start by examining several events through the course of history that helped set up this these shifts in power over the last half century. We will also need to understand the roles that Congressional committees played in the evolution of this power and their effect on party leaders. Next, an explanation of why political parties became weak for time period in the middle of the 20th century will set up the basis of reasoning for the question why political party leaders in Congress became increasingly strong in the 1990s? Finally, breaking down the party leadership structure and analyzing two congressional leadership theories will ultimately help present a normative assessment of the amount power that should be invested in party leaders. When discussing the reasons for change in the powers of party leaders over the past half century, in order to fully understand the reasons for these changes it is important to be aware of a few historic events that led to this complicated up and down shift of power given to party leaders. As the Constitution of the United States of America was originally written, they vested absolutely no powers in party leaders. The reasoning for this is simply because their were no political parties, the founding fathers believed the development of political parties would be bad for the United States democracy. As the development of political parties came about in the United States, so did a beauracracy in Congress. The first notable shift in power came in 1910 when a revolt was sparked amongst the Republican party aga...

Free Essays on Fittness

The 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Eat a variety of foods. I’m really bad in this area. I usually eat the same things every day. I eat sandwiches for lunch and pizza for dinner. I need to implement a variety of foods into my diet. Balance the food you eat with physical activity - maintain or improve your weight. I’m even worse in this area. Ever since I came to school, my physical activity has been limited to Fit/Well class. I really need to start doing some exercise. My weight right now isn’t too bad, but at this rate I’ll be really fat by the time I graduate. Choose a diet with plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits. I do fine in the grain products, but my fruits and vegetables are lacking. Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Fat intake should not exceed 30% of your total kcal intake. I average 36%. So, I need to cut down on my fats. Cholesterol intake should not exceed 300 mg per day. I averaged 283. I’m goo d with my cholesterol. Choose a diet moderate in sugars. I don’t eat any sweets. Actually, besides pop, I don’t eat anything sweet, so I’m alright here. Choose a diet moderate in salt and sodium. Sodium intake should not exceed 2400 mg per day. I average 1634 mg per day, so I’m pretty good here. If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation. I don’t drink alcohol, so I shouldn’t have any problems here. Food Guide Pyramid The bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group recommends 6-11 servings per day. I averaged 11.5 servings. I’d say I’m pretty close in that group. I could eat a little less there. The fruit group recommends 2-4 servings. I averaged 1.8 servings per day. I should definitely eat more fruits. The vegetable group recommends 3-5 servings. I averaged 1.7 servings per day. I need to eat more vegetables. The milk, yogurt, and cheese group recommends 2-3 servings per day. I averaged 6.7 servings per day. I need to cut down on my milk and cheese. The meat, p... Free Essays on Fittness Free Essays on Fittness The 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Eat a variety of foods. I’m really bad in this area. I usually eat the same things every day. I eat sandwiches for lunch and pizza for dinner. I need to implement a variety of foods into my diet. Balance the food you eat with physical activity - maintain or improve your weight. I’m even worse in this area. Ever since I came to school, my physical activity has been limited to Fit/Well class. I really need to start doing some exercise. My weight right now isn’t too bad, but at this rate I’ll be really fat by the time I graduate. Choose a diet with plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits. I do fine in the grain products, but my fruits and vegetables are lacking. Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Fat intake should not exceed 30% of your total kcal intake. I average 36%. So, I need to cut down on my fats. Cholesterol intake should not exceed 300 mg per day. I averaged 283. I’m goo d with my cholesterol. Choose a diet moderate in sugars. I don’t eat any sweets. Actually, besides pop, I don’t eat anything sweet, so I’m alright here. Choose a diet moderate in salt and sodium. Sodium intake should not exceed 2400 mg per day. I average 1634 mg per day, so I’m pretty good here. If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation. I don’t drink alcohol, so I shouldn’t have any problems here. Food Guide Pyramid The bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group recommends 6-11 servings per day. I averaged 11.5 servings. I’d say I’m pretty close in that group. I could eat a little less there. The fruit group recommends 2-4 servings. I averaged 1.8 servings per day. I should definitely eat more fruits. The vegetable group recommends 3-5 servings. I averaged 1.7 servings per day. I need to eat more vegetables. The milk, yogurt, and cheese group recommends 2-3 servings per day. I averaged 6.7 servings per day. I need to cut down on my milk and cheese. The meat, p...

Why an organization should implement an in person group facilitated Essay

Why an organization should implement an in person group facilitated patient orientation program for patients diagnosed with cancer - Essay Example own that such stress of the potential patients attending in an outpatient cancer clinic can be amplified by several factors experienced in such clinics. Some of these are long waiting time, lack of information, absence of psychosocial care, and paucity of communication between care personnel and the patients. Stress in such situations can be ameliorated considerably since part of this stress is self-inflicted, part due to reasons that may be corrected or reverted, and part real. Moreover stress can impact the outcome in such patients in case a positive diagnosis may be made. If an intervention can be designed and implemented which can alleviate this stress of first-time visit to a outpatient cancer clinic, it could be instrumental in generating better patient outcome and client satisfaction which may align to the organizational goal of providing quality care to such patients through measures which have positive benefits over costs incurred (Gallant and Coutts, 2003). With the background that such patients have several physical, psychological, and educational challenges leading to considerable negative emotions, an intervention can be designed which employs principles of group psychology and educational approaches with the aim to ameliorate stress and negative emotions. At the minimal level, the goal may be to facilitate information exchange where facilities of treatment, actual nature of the disease, available resources at different stages of the management so the patients at least can be assured about the positive aspects that can be accessed, and the patients may be encouraged to conquer the fear about the unknown. These pieces of information can be graphically designed in the form of a printed handbook and all can be recorded in an interactive DVD. The patients who are not able to attend in person can access these if the hospital authority mails this along with the handbook to the prospective patient who demonstrates interests. The sessions m ay occur in the

Using Technology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Using Technology - Assignment Example en dealing with problems involving quadrilaterals, I will create an applet showing the processes of constructing a quadrilateral on an area equal to a given quadrilateral. Secondly, I will use the GeoGebra Software when introducing the concept of function. Here, I will include a GeoGebra applet to identify changing and unchanging quantities in addition to determining the relationship between two varying quantities. Third, I will use the software in investigating the coordinates of points. I will use GeoGebra’s point tool to locate various points, interpret the coordinates and make generalizations. One of the challenges facing users of the GeoGebra Software is complexity. Learners have difficulties using the program to achieve effective learning of mathematics. Overcoming this challenge involve teaching students basic mathematics of the topic before teaching them how to use the software. Secondly, using GeoGebra Software is sometimes time-consuming because I will need to train learners on how to use it after teaching them the fundamental concepts of the topic. To overcome this problem, teachers should encourage constant practice among learners. The third challenge constitutes the possibility of developing negative attitudes towards the software by students. This challenge can be overcome by demonstrating the necessity and effective use of the software in achieving the objectives of learning mathematics. The GeoGebra software is critical in learning mathematics. The Software helps in linking the topics of calculus, algebra, and geometry to enhance understanding by learners. The challenges facing users of the software include complexity, time constraints, and negative attitudes by learners. Teachers should strive to overcome these challenges in order to enhance the applicability of GeoGebra in teaching/learning

Sports And Games Essay Example for Free

Sports And Games Essay Sports and Games are essential for many reasons.They not only help us to maintain good health but also foster friendship and goodbehaviour.Many people think that the aim of sports and games is to win gold medals in olympic games.That is not at all important.what is important is that every boy and every girl in our country should be interested in sports and games. Being interested in games does not mean merely watching other people play games.They should devote at least an hour a day to sports and games.sports and games must be given as much importance as academic studies in our scools and colleges.Marks must be awarded for proficiency in mathematics and physics. Most of us are interested in sports but in our country we cant take sports as a career its just a game this should be changed because in china many of them are adopted for sports they dont even do their education properly their only aim is to shine in Spitsbergens of that only they getting medals and first place in Olympics but in our country its not like that it should be change then only we will get medals. Sportsmen have often to live together while undergoing training and participating in competitions.They understand one another and learn to make the adjustments for corporate life.They learn to respect one anothers individuality.In other words,they learn the virtue of tolerance. In the US, the most popular is football. In Canada, its hockey. In Mexico, its soccer. In all of Central America except for Cuba and Puerto Rico, its soccer since in those Cuba and Puerto Rico the favorite is baseball. In all of South America, its soccer. In all of Africa its soccer. In all of Europe its soccer except for some icy countries like Finland where they cant play soccer so its snowboarding and hockey. In most of the Middle East, its soccer. In India, which has about 1.2 billion people, its cricket The importance of sports and games is being increasingly recognised in India, from both the educational and social points of view. More and more funds are being allocated for encouraging sports in schools, colleges and universities; in fact, sports have become an essential part of the curricula. Time was when only a few students, who were fond of games like hockey, football, cricket or tennis, were allowed special facilities.

Impact of Wal-Mart on the US Economy Essay -- Business Economics

Impact of Wal-Mart on the US Economy Wal-Mart has had a significant economic impact on the US, as well as the economies of countries that have relations with the US. Wal-Mart is the world’s biggest company of any kind, with 80 percent of the households in America purchasing something from the superstore; it is the nation’s largest retailer. Wal-Mart’s continuing price reduction has given Americans the advantage of being able to afford 15 to 20 percent more than they previously could. (Hansen) In a world governed by globalization and greed, competition has become rigid; as a result firms like Wal-Mart have utilized advanced marketing strategies to insure that they are on the ‘neck’ of competition, and are the core deciders of the market. (Ortega) However, Wal-Mart made decisions that were of a disadvantage to aspects of the economy, including the depletion on a small scale of Small Town USA. Wal-Mart has been of a great advantage to the US economy, being the world’s largest private employer thus providing more jobs. Wal-Mart is currently employing 1.5 million which equals to the population of 12 states. In addition, Wal-Mart has caused the lowering of prices of competitors known as the ‘Wal-Mart effect’, this saved Americans approximately $100 billion in 2002. (Hansen) On a smaller degree, this caused an individual American to save 15 to 20 percent of their income on necessities, allowing the surplus to be utilized in a fashion that allows an expenditure which fulfills a specific luxury to the individual, for example a car etc.. From my point of view, this allows the less advantaged to be able to purchase beyond necessities, and causing more money to spread through the market rather than the recycl... ...al-Mart’s methods to keeping these prices down have been immoral. In addition, they have taken advantage of town resources for example, subsidies, employee benefits and exploitation of cheap labor. Even though they have surpassed significantly in attracting customers all over the nation, they failed to do so ethically. This has created losses to competitors, and the battle for profit is an ongoing one. Therefore, I believe that Wal-Mart has become an economical disaster to competitors and the US as a whole. This is due to the exporting of huge amounts of funds to Asian countries, which in turn reduced the funds in the US due to continuous import costs. Works Cited: Hansen, Brian. "Big-Box Stores." Are They Good For America? 14 (2004). 14 Mar 2005 <www.libraries.psu.edu/cqresearcher>. Ortega, Bob. "Ban the Bargains." The Wall Street journal 11 Oct 1994.

Perpetual Help System Essay

1. What do you think is the function of the nictating membrane, and why ? The nictitating membrane is a protective, semi-transparent third eyelid. It allows vision while giving the eye extra protection. In the case of frogs, the protection is needed when the frog is out of the water. The clear nictitating membrane allows the frog to keep looking for prey – and looking out for herons and other hunters! – while its eyes are protected from dust and from the drying effects of the air. 2. A frog does not chew its food, what do the positions of its teeth suggest about how the frog uses them ? That they are intended for gripping, not for chewing. The 4 teeth a frog has, are positioned with 2 on the sides and 2 in the center, and are angled toward the throat. This helps keep the food going in the direction of the digestive tract†¦but unable to back out of the mouth. 3. Trace the path of food through the digestive tract. In the frog’s mouth there is a front hinged tongue. This flips food into the gullet, which is the entrance to the esophagus. The food is moved down into the stomach by muscle contraction. The stomach breaks food down mechanically using its multiple muscle layers. It also secretes enzymes to convert complex nutrients into simpler ones. The enzymatic breakdown continues in the small intestine where the simpler nutrients are also then absorbed. The left over material is passed on to the large intestine where water may be absorbed from the mixture. 4. Trace the path of blood through the circulatory system. The Deoxygenated blood flows from the body into the right atrium. Oxygenated blood from the lungs flows into the left atrium. Since frogs have only one ventricle, the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mixes in the ventricle. From there, blood flows into the truncus arteriosus that contains a spiral valve to separate and lead the blood out into the body. 5. Trace the path of air through the respiratory system. Nostrils -> Nasal Cavity -> Pharynx -> Larynx -> Trachea -> Bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Lungs -> Alveoli 6. Trace the path of sperm in a male and eggs in a female. Male: Testes produce sperm, move through sperm ducts into the cloaca. Female: Ovaries produce eggs, move through oviducts into uteri, then through the coaca. 7. Trace the path of urine in both sexes. Urine is formed in the distal tubules of the nephron in the kidneys. It accumulates in the renal pelvis, then travels down the ureters to the bladder. Then it goes through the urethra to the outside. 8. Which part of the frog’s nervous system can be its abdominal cavity and hid legs? The Spincal cord and the muscualr system which mainly takes place in the thigh 9. Suppose in a living frog the spinal nerve extending to the leg muscle were cut. What ability would the frog lose? Why? In any vertebrates, all coordinated response movements and actions would be disabled from the point the nerve was injured and down. Severed spinal damage will kill the animal. 10. The abdominal cavity of a frog at the end of hibernation season would contain very fat bodies or move at all. What is the function of the fat bodies? To pertain its energy lose, from being lack to food. 11. Structures of an animal’s body that fit it for its environment are adaptions. How do frog’s powerful legs help it to fit into a life both in water and land? On land, the frog’s hind legs are what enables the frog to leap, and in the water, it uses its hind legs for swimming. Being able to leap quickly on land, and to swim just a quickly is one of the frog’s best defenses in avoiding predators. 12. During 1 mating of frogs, female lays some 2000 to 3000 eggs in water as the male sheds millions of sperm over them. How do these large numbers relate to the frog’s fitness for life in water? Frogs are very fit for life in water reproductively, because the large numbers of eggs and offspring will help to ensure some individuals survive to reproductive adulthood.

The Lottery Comparison of Tradition

Margaret Urquhart Professor Daniels ENC1102 15 March 2013 An Outrageous Tale Standing in line for hours, impatiently waiting for the front doors of our favorite stores to open, to be nearly trampled upon for discounted items, is a tradition we, as Americans, like to call Black Friday. Black Friday is the day following Thanksgiving Day in the United States, often regarded as the beginning of the Christmas shopping season. To get people in the spirit, most major retailers open before the sun comes up and offers promotional sales to kick off the holiday shopping season.Americans consider â€Å"getting in the spirit,† by waking at the crack of dawn to pry items out of other people’s hands while at the same time getting pushed and shoved by crazy amounts of people on the same hunt. We call a tradition; a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance that has origin from the past. Black Friday is the one tradition that I thought was the worst until reading â€Å"The Lottery,† by Shirley Jackson. Jackson uses irony to suggest an underlying evil, hypocrisy, and weakness of human kind.Jackson shows many important lessons about human nature in this short story including barbaric traditions in a supposedly civilized village, the community’s hypocrisy, and how violence and cruelty take place. â€Å"The Lottery† tells the story of an annual tradition in a small village, where the people are close and tradition is paramount. The Lottery is a yearly event in which one person in the town is randomly chosen, by a drawing, to be violently stoned by friends and family.The villagers don’t really know much about the lottery’s origin but try to preserve the tradition nevertheless; they believed that someone had to be sacrificed to insure a good crop. â€Å"Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon,† said Old Man Warner. The villagers allow an outdated tradition to run their liv es and control whether they live or die. The black box symbolizes death; the name of the â€Å"winner† to be stoned is drawn from the box at every lottery, it represents tradition in the fact that it is old and worn.It has been in existence seemingly forever and though there is talk of replacing it, the reader can infer that there will be no such change. The villagers are aware that the sacrifice is inhumane but none want to stand and voice their opinion because they are afraid of how it may affect their lives. â€Å"The lottery† has been practiced in this town for such a long time that it makes tradition so powerful, it’s like a force of nature, and the people of the village can’t imagine rebelling against it.The black box represents tradition in aspects to it being old; the characters mention that they did not want to get rid of the old box because it was made of splinters of the original box. The town is so focused on how things were and how things hav e always been that they cannot see any new or improved ways of living. Nevertheless, the lottery continues simply because there has always been a lottery. In â€Å"The Lottery,† the idea of hypocrisy is seen throughout the story. This theme is evident by the tradition of the lottery itself as well as the characters’ actions.The theme of hypocrisy is often attached to the idea of religion. Mr. Adams questions the traditions of the lottery and Mr. Summers says, â€Å"There’s always been a lottery,† and that it would be â€Å"nothing but trouble. † With these statements I feel that this tradition has been around for such a long time that if they were to get rid of it, in return it would turn the town upside down and the villagers wouldn’t know how to react to not having it. They keep the tradition alive yet they create nothing but trouble in determining who dies. The character Mrs. Hutchinson’s best friend, Mrs.Delacroix, is one of the f irst to casually discuss the lottery and in contrast she is the first to pick up a rock to stone her so called friend. Jackson’s use of such a tradition and these everyday characters demonstrates how hypocritical we are in society and is cautioning readers to questions those ideas set in stone. Shirley Jackson shows us that violence is a part of human nature, and that it can be disguised in many ways. The setting of the story is seemingly civilized and peaceful, while the stoning is a cruel and brutal act. This shows us that horrifying acts of violence can take place anywhere at any time, by ordinary citizens.Violence and cruelty are a major theme because we do not live in a â€Å"perfect† world where nothing bad ever goes wrong; there is violence and cruelty all around us. We see human cruelty in its worst form because there is no excuse for it. Jackson's example illustrates how mankind can become a victim to its own mindless traditions. For example, one child in the story was depicted this way: â€Å"Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followed his example. †(Jackson 194) This quote shows how people are mindless followers just because everyone else is doing it.This strange tale is twisted in ways that show us so much about human nature and the way we are in society. The themes that are unraveled throughout the story are shocking, teaching us about human nature on a different level. People live by the term, â€Å"If everyone else is doing it, then I should too. † This shows how even though the tradition has been going on for so long, no one actually knows when it originated; they only continue it because it’s the tradition of the town. The violence and cruelty that comes into play is brutal in the sense that Mrs.Hutchinson’s friends were the first to stone her and not have any problem with it, which shows the hypocrisy of human beings. The people of the town disguise th e evil tradition of the lottery by following orders without asking any questions. Getting pushed and shoved in line for long hours for an item is a tradition that we should not have in America anymore, but still do because everyone does it. In the same sense, dying is drastically worse than getting pushed and shoved; they can’t stop the tradition of â€Å"The Lottery† because it’s what everyone in town does.

Essay on Legalization of MarijuanaEssay Writing Service

Essay on Legalization of MarijuanaEssay Writing Service Essay on Legalization of Marijuana Essay on Legalization of MarijuanaThe legalization of marijuana is a very debatable topic in the U.S. today, and it is usually discussed not only in medical circles but also by ordinary people. There exist two quite different positions on the issue because about half of Americans are calling for the absolute legalization of marijuana (not just for medical purposes, but also for personal use, or as the media says to â€Å"entertainment†), while the other half of the citizens of the United States considers marijuana to be a very harmful drug and refers to it rather disparagingly and with a great caution because this light drug is still not fully understood by scientists. Thus, as there exist two different points of views regarding the same issue, we are going to discuss this topic with all the necessary details.The first issue to discuss can be seen in the fact that deadly harm of marijuana is not fully proved still, so opponents of this plant legalization have not enough eviden ces to stop the process of legalization. It is necessary to mention that there are no enough evidences to the safety of marijuana, so both the supporters and the opponents of the legalization of marijuana are in the same position. According to Earleywine (2002), there are only several researches were made by scientists, and these researches claim that marijuana is useful, for example, for people with different hard diseases such as AIDS, leukemia, migraine, insomnia, loss of appetite, nausea, and a number of other ailments (pp. 52-63). Moreover, according to Kreit (2003), some researchers state that marijuana, being a unique plant, has many miraculous properties that can help to prevent the development of cancer, treat eye inflammation, eliminate the effects of chemical and radiation therapy in patients with cancer and AIDS, elevate mood and evoke optimism during its use (as opposed to alcohol, leading to depression and suicide) (pp. 78-85). Thus, since the day when the United State s allowed the use and possession of marijuana for medical purposes, this narcotic plant became a center of a boom in business activity.The second issue of our discussion has its focus on the use of marijuana for medical purposes. It is important to note that currently marijuana for medical purposes is allowed in many states and it goes without saying that there exist strict rules regarding this issue, and the legal use of marijuana for medical purposes is normal and possible only by a doctor’s prescription, in the case of the above mentioned diseases, and many more others. While each state has its own rules and regulations regarding marijuana use, and these rules vary widely. To be more detailed in the issue, according to Gerber (2004), it was proved that the use of marijuana and its derivatives (cannabinoids) has shown themselves to be effective in the treatment of epilepsy, anorexia, asthma, migraines, arthritis, diseases of the spine and musculoskeletal, the treatment of p remenstrual syndrome, hypertension, etc. (p. 87). For instance, in glaucoma marijuana relieves intraocular pressure and it leads to a slowdown of the process or it stops the progression of the disease. Some studies show that marijuana can slow the progression of certain types of cancer. In addition, cannabis and its derivatives have a positive effect in the treatment of affective disorders and a variety of mental health disorders depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive and panic disorder, bipolar disorder, and insomnia.The third issue to discuss can be seen in economic sphere because the legalization of marijuana can be useful for American economics, especially in terms of the budget deficit in the country. According to Raghavan (2014), the legalization of marijuana could bring the US to 17.4 billion dollars of new tax deductions (p.93). In 2014, marijuana traders could bring Colorado over 100 million dollars, and almost 40 million will be spent on building schools and promoting healthy lifestyles. So, tax on marijuana could help a lot, and it would be wrong to give this money to criminals because all the money and taxes can fill the country’ coffers.In addition, there exists an opinion that legalization of marijuana reduces crime. According to Caulkins et al (2012), in 2010, the United States produced 780,000 arrests related to the dissemination and use of marijuana, and nearly 40 thousand people went to jail (p. 51). The legalization of marijuana will reduce the number of people arrested and will save much money on their maintenance in prisons. Moreover, according to supporters of the legalization, such an approach may reduce interracial tension in the states because in cases involving distribution and consumption of marijuana, black teens are detained nearly four times more likely than their white peers. As a result, it is inefficient to spend billions to combat drug trafficking because it still makes no sense. To add, Kilme r (2010) mentioned that a huge amount of money is spent on police, lawyers, courts, prisons, but the rate of use of marijuana is not reduced, but on the contrary, is growing steadily (p. 32). In such a way, prohibitions on the use of marijuana does not lead to a decrease in its consumption, but they lead to the formation of organized crime and smuggling, and to imprisonment of almost harmless smokers.In conclusion, we have discussed the issue of legalization of marijuana with many details and showed that the legalization of marijuana in the US is important for the rest of the world because in a case of success, this experience will be an example for other countries and it can help in the global fight against drug trafficking, which is currently at an impasse and provoke social tension in third world countries.

Willis Carrier and the Invention of Air Conditioning

Willis Carrier and the Invention of Air Conditioning I fish only for edible fish, and hunt only for edible game, even in the laboratory, Willis Haviland Carrier once said about being practical. In 1902, only one year after Willis  Carrier graduated from Cornell University with a Masters in  Engineering,  his first air conditioning unit was in operation. This made one Brooklyn printing plant owner very happy. Fluctuations in heat and humidity in his plant kept causing the dimensions of his printing paper to alter and create misalignment of the colored inks. The new air conditioning machine created a stable environment and, as a result, aligned four-color printing became possible – all thanks to Carrier, a new employee at the Buffalo Forge Company who started working for a salary of only $10 a week. The â€Å"Apparatus for Treating Air† The â€Å"Apparatus for Treating Air† was the first of several patents awarded to Willis Carrier in 1906. Although he’s recognized as the â€Å"father of air conditioning,† the term â€Å"air conditioning† actually originated with textile engineer Stuart H. Cramer. Cramer used the phrase â€Å"air conditioning† in a 1906 patent claim he  filed for a device that added water vapor to the air in textile plants to condition the yarn. Carrier disclosed his basic Rational Psychrometric Formulae to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1911. The formula still stands today as the basis in all fundamental calculations for the air conditioning industry. Carrier said he received his â€Å"flash of genius† while he was waiting for a train on a foggy night. He was thinking about the problem of temperature and humidity control and by the time the train arrived, he said he had an understanding of the relationship between temperature, humidity and dew point. The Carrier Engineering Corporation Industries flourished with this new ability to control the temperature and humidity levels during and after production. Film, tobacco, processed meats, medical capsules, textiles and other products gained significant improvements as a result. Willis Carrier  and six other engineers formed the Carrier Engineering Corporation in 1915 with starting capital of $35,000. In 1995, sales topped $5 billion. The company was dedicated to improving air conditioning technology. The Centrifugal Refrigeration Machine Carrier patented the centrifugal refrigeration machine in 1921. This centrifugal chiller was the first practical method for  air conditioning large spaces. Previous refrigeration machines used reciprocating piston-driven compressors to pump refrigerant through the system, which was often toxic and flammable ammonia. Carrier designed a centrifugal compressor similar to the centrifugal turning blades of a water pump. The result was a safer and more efficient chiller. Consumer Comfort Cooling for human comfort rather than industrial need began in 1924 when three Carrier centrifugal chillers were installed in the J.L. Hudson Department Store in Detroit, Michigan. Shoppers flocked to the â€Å"air  conditioned† store. This boom in human cooling spread from department stores to the movie theaters, most notably the Rivoli Theater in New York whose summer film business skyrocketed when it heavily advertised cool comfort. Demand increased for smaller units and the Carrier Company obliged. Residential Air Conditioners Willis Carrier developed the first residential â€Å"Weathermaker† in 1928, an air conditioner for private home use. The Great Depression and  World War II slowed the non-industrial use of air conditioning, but consumer sales rebounded after the war. The rest is cool and comfortable history.

The purpose of this assignment is to discover the roles of an Essay

The purpose of this assignment is to discover the roles of an operations manager (first-line, middle or top) in Singapore and ho - Essay Example In this study the focus has been on the study of the roles and responsibilities of the operation manager working for Wilmar International Ltd. headquartered at Singapore. The study shows that the role of the operations managers are becoming more and more challenging due to the globalization that is making the organizations to open their businesses in other nation across the border. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Company Profile and Background 5 Company Mission and Vision 5 Integrity 6 Excellence 6 Passion 6 Innovation 7 Teamwork 7 Safety 7 Manager’s Profile 8 Interview Transcript 9 Analysis of the responses given by the Operations Manager 11 Conclusion 13 REFERENCES 15 Introduction In modern organizations the role of the operation managers in framing the strategy of the firm is gaining huge importance. The decisions related to operations is also playing significant role in achieving the competitive advantage. The responsibility of an o perations manager of an organization is to oversee the process that transforms the input into a greater value output. The main concern areas of the operations manager is manufacturing, development of new products, procurement, distribution, research, technology, customer service and distribution. The business strategy of the firm is implemented in the operations. ... long with willingness to change is required, which needs to be relentless and continuous process to improve the performance of the firm (Bruner, 2003). As emphasized by Wild (1979) the decision of the operations manager influences not only the entire organization but also the work with it and the way all the functions are managed. In case of manufacturing firms Armistead and Mapes (1992) claimed that the roles of the operation manager in a manufacturing farm are more beleaguered towards the corporate target rather than the performance measures. This follows the consequence that the focus of the manager should be shifted from scheduling, production planning and control (Gerwin, 1993) to coordination and design of network of knowledge (Mak and Ramaprasad, 2003) or to organization of task connected to marketing and production. The study focuses on in depth analysis on the role of the operational managers of Wilmar International Limited. The analysis will be based on interview that will be conducted on the operation managers of the organization. Company Profile and Background Wilmar International Limited was founded in the year 1991 and is headquartered at Singapore, which is the leading agribusiness group of Asia. Wilmar is ranked as the largest listed company in the Singapore Exchange with regards to the market capitalization. The business activities of Wilmar International includes oilseed crushing, oil palm cultivation, edible oil, specialty fats, sugar milling and refining, biodiesel, oleo chemicals, grain processing and fertilizer manufacturing. The core strategy of Wilmar International is a flexible incorporated agribusiness model that surrounds the whole value chain of processing business dealing with agricultural commodity staring from processing to distribution,

Offshoring Sales Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Offshoring Sales Plan - Essay Example Microsoft Great Plains, Navision, Microsoft CRM, Microsoft RMS, Remote Support Technology and Customization packages will serve to enterprise accounting, electronic requisitions, automation of operations, retail management, to have cheaper consulting rates and a specialized customization in development of automation and services. 1 eBECS having centers in UK, USA, China, India and Jordan need to concentrate on Jordan Centre to offer ERP products and services at affordable prices to clients ranging from Large scale enterprises and their branches to small size enterprises. eBECS is a Microsoft Gold partner that builds strong partnerships with enterprise customers looking to exploit the full potential of the investment in ERP. This is done by assisting various organizations to be agile and responsive in meeting the specific demands the trading environment demands. The company provides solutions using Microsoft Dynamics AX that is functionally serves a wide range of business sectors. The specialty of eBECS is to add lean capabilities to Microsoft Dynamics AX and a full integration to the core product using Microsoft components. The company is capable to offer to eBECS enterprise distribution call centre management system that can provide integrated solution for companies involved in call centers, warehousing, retailing, logistics and distribution. In last 7 years it has been proved that the company values for practical delivery time and can call customers across the manufacturing and distribution sector. The implementation of ERP makes the company a sof tware reseller as well as a partner that ensure the customer to gain competitive advantage. 2 3.2 Mission Statement: The company states that it offers solutions regarding Microsoft Dynamics AX, Lean manufacturing, EDCCM, e REQS and Application Integration. Its services are regarding consulting, off-shore, financing and bean integration. 3.3 Key to Success: The Key to Success is due to range of products and services it offers. The application integration in products enabled its success in offering products without changing the applications. Its offshore services from India and Jordan are responsible for offering services at affordable rate for premium and other customers respectively. 4. Products and Services 4.1 Products: 4.1.1 Enterprise Resource Management: The company offers its products in the form of solutions regarding enterprise resource management by using Microsoft Dynamics AX. The solutions offer demand flexibility, scalability and rapid implementation. The products of the company are designed to offer grown with existing investments and to automate the unique business processes. This in turn accelerates the success of the organization in delivering integrated and open collaborative working in the least time possible. 4.1...2 Customer Relationship Management: The delivery of the quality in products is due to customer relationship management at eBECS that helps clients to increase revenues and profitability. This is due to better management of relationship with customers. This is enhanced by automation of sales force and